Earth Imaging & Sounding
Building a picture of the subsurface
Deploying AusLAMP magnetotelluric equipment near the Musgrave Ranges, SA: Philippa Mawby of Adelaide Uni and Sam Henschke of Helifarm. Image: Dr. Bruce Goleby.
AuScope’s Earth Imaging & Sounding program supports research into the structure and evolution of the Australian continent. By imaging the subsurface from near-surface layers to the deep crust and upper mantle, the program underpins research into tectonics, mineral systems, earthquakes, and natural hazards across Australia and surrounding regions.
We bring together national instrumentation pools, field programs, and open data systems that enable researchers to see inside the Earth at unprecedented scale and resolution using seismic and magnetotelluric techniques.
What we’re working on
Collecting data for the Aus Array Program in South Australia and Western Australia
Managing instrument access through ANSIR
Providing access to exascale and AI ready time series datasets and compute in partnership with NCI
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) experiment across New Zealand’s Alpine Fault
Coordinating F.A.I.R. passive seismic datasets archived at the FDSN AusPass Data Centre.
Data and access
AusPass is Australia’s FDSN data centre for the acquisition, management, and distribution of passive seismological data.
AusPass provides open access to more than 35 years of seismic data from legacy and current experiments, including national rolling arrays and regional deployments across Australia, New Zealand, and Indonesia. New datasets are added regularly as projects are completed.
Researchers can explore, access, and reuse data through AusPass for a wide range of scientific and applied research.
Research facilities and tools
Since 2006, AuScope’s Earth Imaging & Sounding program has invested in the purchase, upgrade, and maintenance of nationally shared geophysical instrumentation, including:
Broadband and short-period seismometers
Portable and nodal seismic arrays
Ocean bottom seismometers
Distributed acoustic sensing interrogators
Magnetotelluric broadband and low-frequency systems
Borehole seismometers and tilt-meters
Earth tide gravity meter
Various down hole and lab based geothermal and heat-flow instruments and sensors
Instrumentation is held across partner institutions and deployed through coordinated national field programs. All data collected using AuScope supported equipment are archived and made openly available via AusPass.
AusLAMP
The Australian Lithospheric Architecture Magnetotelluric Project (AusLAMP) is a national survey collecting long period magnetotelluric (MT) data from around 3,000 sites across Australia. The project is building new dataset to map electrical conductivity in the crust and upper mantle, improving understanding of Australia’s geology and tectonic evolution. The results will help identify regions with potential for mineral and energy resources.
Impact
Explore recent case studies and highlights that demonstrate how Earth Imaging & Sounding is transforming our understanding of Australia’s deep structure and geodynamic evolution.
At the remote border of South Australia and New South Wales lies the Curnamona Province, an ancient geological region with a hidden story. Using NCRIS-enabled infrastructure, researchers are creating a 3D model of the deep Earth, known as the ‘Curnamona Cube,’ revealing how supercontinents formed and offering new insights without ever breaking ground.
Antarctica holds clues to how our planet is responding to climate change, and what it means for our future. AuScope is helping researchers uncover these secrets by building hardened instruments for the continent’s extreme conditions, drilling to unlock secrets in sediments beneath the ice, and developing advanced software to model sea-level rise. These NCRIS-enabled tools are vital for preparing communities for a warming world.
Take a dive into the top AuScope enabled science papers of 2021! Here we present a collection of newly published geoscience research that captures a breadth of new knowledge, from the depths of ancient oceans to the spinning edges of asteroids. Excitingly, this new knowledge will contribute to ongoing learning about our shapeshifting planet.
In November 2021, Chalice Mining Limited released a maiden resource statement for the Julimar polymetallic mineral deposit in WA — an exciting milestone for Chalice on the path to delivering palladium, nickel, copper and platinum for clean energy technologies. Equally impressive is the decades-long backstory to the Julimar discovery, with NCRIS enabled seismology at the heart.
Hold onto your coffee cups and comfort the dog. This morning’s earthquake in southeastern Australia, which is perhaps the largest in the region in 200 years, thankfully has not yet caused any injuries. It has, however, provided AuScope geoscientists with the opportunity to investigate this record-breaking moment. Here are their thoughts!
Earth Imaging and Sounding enables research outcomes such as:
New insights into crustal and lithospheric architecture across Australia
Improved understanding of mineral system controls at regional and continental scales
Advances in earthquake and tsunami hazard assessment
Integration of seismic and MT data into national Earth models
These capabilities underpin Australia’s international leadership in large scale seismic deployments. From the Skippy Project in the early 1990s through to the BILBY, TIGGER, WOMBAT and subsequent experiments, AuScope investments have positioned Australia as a major contributor to global seismological research.
Earth Imaging & Sounding in the media
Our Strategic Projects
Seismology on Country renews and expands the AuSIS network by installing seismic stations in remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, strengthening national earthquake monitoring and supporting STEM learning on Country.
This project establishes Australia’s first national offshore fibre‑sensing capability, enabling real‑time monitoring of geohazards, CCS and hydrogen storage, subsea infrastructure, and marine environmental processes — all through existing submarine cables.
The Geophysical Research Infrastructure for Antarctica (GRIT) project aims to advance Antarctic research with specialised geophysical instrumentation tailored to the continent's extreme conditions. It now enters phase 3, after successfully completing phases 1 & 2.
AuScope’s National Geophysical Validation Line (NGVL) aims to establish an independent, easily accessible, and well-characterised national calibration line in Australia.
Geophysics 2030 developed a national, high resolution and fully integrated geophysical data collection, leveraging historical and contemporary datasets to enhance large scale data processing capabilities.
The Marine Heat Flow Measuring System (MHFMS) project aims to develop a method for measuring heat flow in ocean-floor sediments aboard Australia's Marine National Facility vessel, the RV Investigator, and the Australian Antarctic Division's icebreaker, the RSV Nuyina.
The GLACI Infrastructure facility will provide deployed/telemetered and portable instruments to investigate glaciers and adjacent areas, including ice sheets, ice streams, and ice shelves.
Plate tectonics, volcanism, epeirogenic motions, hotspots, basin formation, episodes of mountain building, igneous intrusions, metamorphism — all are consequences of the flow of heat within the Earth at the mantle and lithosphere scale.
The Critical Zone is the surface environment where complex interactions between soil, water, air, and organisms help regulate natural ecosystems and life-sustaining resources.
Looking ahead
International Earth imaging is increasingly moving towards high-density, large N seismic arrays that use hundreds to thousands of instruments to achieve much higher spatial resolution.
AuScope is expanding national capability to support these approaches, with current holdings including nodal and broadband seismic instruments. These technologies enable new applications such as rapid post-earthquake deployments, monitoring induced seismicity, and ultra-high resolution imaging of the crust.
Earth Imaging & Sounding will continue to support research across Australia and neighbouring regions, strengthening international collaboration and advancing understanding of seismic and tsunami hazards.
Get involved
Use AuScope Earth Imaging instruments in your research. Applications to access these instruments are managed through ANSIR.
Applying for access to Earth Imaging instrumentation
Using AusPass data for new research
Participating in national field programs and collaborations
Access to AuScope portable seismic and magnetotelluric equipment is available through a short scientific proposal process assessed by the ANSIR Access Committee, based on scientific merit and instrument availability.
News
A collaboration between AuScope and CO2CRC is strengthening Australia’s capability to observe and interpret subtle subsurface processes associated with CO2 injection and storage, while also delivering insights relevant to a wide range of subsurface applications.
Announcing the winners of AuScope’s 2024 Opportunity Fund. This initiative funds research projects to boost earth science infrastructure capacity and access.
AuScope team Professor Anya Reading, Dr Voon Hui Lai, and Associate Professor Steven Micklethwaite attended SMP2024 to discuss glacier retreats, earthquakes, and coastal erosion with policymakers.
A new NCRIS enabled cross-disciplinary collaboration between AuScope and TERN is applying cutting-edge geophysical sensor technology to biological ecosystem research.
Can natural emissions of hydrogen from the Earth be a new energy source for the future? The ‘NCRIS enabled’ AuScope Earth Imaging teams aim to cast light on where hydrogen is sourced, how it moves to the surface and where industry can target exploration drilling to commercialise this low-cost clean energy resource.
Scientists from the Research School of Earth Sciences (RSES) at the Australian National University and Victoria University of Wellington, in collaboration with Chorus, New Zealand's leading broadband provider, are using NCRIS-enabled instrumentation to tap into the country’s telecommunication network to capture seismic data in new detail.
Belay Gulte Mino and Dr Graeme Beardsmore utilise NCRIS resources to advance global heat flow data and explore geothermal energy, with the potential to create a globally impactful heat flow map of Ethiopia.
The 2023 Australian Earth Sciences Convention (AESC) held on Noongar Whadjuk boodja (country), will feature new geoscience insights from the Australian lithosphere to Earth's evolution and resources. Join us for NCRIS talks, workshops, presentations, and a shared booth with ANZIC.
National Science Week 2022 is here! We are excited to join Australia’s science community, by celebrating our nation’s diverse geoscience talent, technology and tools. Here we share our two events: Asteroids to Oceans (an NCRIS collaboration) and Immersive Earth (an online arts-science experience).
Have the wilderness adventures of Bear Grylls, Survivor or Alone on TV captured your imagination? If so, it’s time to change channels and join Dr Kate Selway on a trip to Greenland to undertake critical climate change monitoring.
AuScope’s Earth Imaging & Sounding team, along with industry and academia are testing new three-node senses during an NCRIS enabled survey that aims to discover, in greater detail, the hidden depths of the Canning Basin.
Heat flow data provide us with unique insights about how the Earth moves; from the churning interior to the rise of mountains and the jostling of tectonic plates. To help understand our future on this dynamic planet AuScope is enabling NCRIS to develop breakthrough heat flow research infrastructure.
Last week, our wonderful AuScope technical officer, Goran Boren won The University of Adelaide’s Faculty of Sciences Professional staff member of 2020. Our technical staff are often the unsung heroes of all our projects and programs, and without Goran we would have no magnetotelluric (MT) program. Here, Goran’s collaborators over the years shine a light on his extraordinary work over the years.
Just over a year ago, an international team of scientists prepared to image Macquarie Ridge — a unique underwater geological landscape that evolves where tectonic plates converge and shake vigorously. And then COVID-19 hit. Today, with rigorous health protocols in place, the Australian portion of the team departs from Hobart, taking us with them!
Recently, AuScope invested in a suite of Large-N or nodal seismometers, which are capable of recording seismic noise at local-, rather than regional-, scale, allowing seismologists to focus on imaging geological features like faults and aquifers.
We are excited to announce $700K of funding for a collaborative research infrastructure project in the Curnamona Province located across South Australia and New South Wales, between 2020 and 2022. This creates a golden opportunity to map an entire geological province in 3D to help find new deposits of Critical Minerals.
Recently, researchers from the ANU prepared a suite of NCRIS-enabled ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) to image the 3D structure of the Macquarie Ridge Complex — an underwater geological landscape where three tectonic plates collide.
In November, an international team of scientists, led by AuScope’s Earth Imaging group at the University of Adelaide, set out to obtain new AusLAMP MT sites on the seafloor of the Spencer Gulf in South Australia — a missing piece of the larger Gawler Craton puzzle. Here’s why that matters.
Scientists from the Geological Survey of Victoria (GSV) discover that Victoria’s scenic high country continues to be influenced by New Zealand as trans-Tasman tectonic pressure, as it drives up the mountain range. This insight comes from data gathered in new, deep crustal seismic reflection survey enabled* by AuScope.
Researchers from the ANU are thrilled to announce that AusPass has just become the first FDSN data centre in Oceania. Scientists can now access extensive Australian seismology datasets from anywhere in the world.
Since 2013, geophysicists have systematically surveyed the Australian crust and mantle. Recently, the AusLAMP team celebrated completing the South Australian portion of the project, shining a light on potential ore deposits ‘hiding’ at depth.
Discover Meghan’s passion for plate tectonics and deep Earth, swag of academic achievements, and ambitions for research innovation in Oz.
In April 2018, ANU seismologists headed to remote northern South Australia to test an exciting proof of concept in seismic surveying: a new and cheaper approach to producing detailed, crustal-scale cross sections of the Earth.
In 2006, the American researcher, Garrett Euler made a chance observation in seismic noise data in Cameroon: noise spiked at key moments during the African Cup of Nations soccer games, which inspired seismologists around the world to view noisy data differently.
PROGRAM LEADER
Prof. Meghan Miller
Australian National Uni
For more information on current and potential projects please get in touch with Meghan.
PROJECT LEADERS
Dr. Graham Heinson
Adelaide Univeristy
Dr Robert Pickle
Australian National University
DURATION
Since 2006
QUICK LINKS
AuSIS website, Facebook
and Twitter pages
ACCESS TOOLS & DATA
ANSIR Research Facilities
for Earth Sounding
Passive Seismic Data and Data Products available via AusPASS